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If there are any technical
problems, factual inaccuracies or things you have to add,
then please contact the group
under info@calcutta1940s.org
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This tour will take us right through the flourishing busy
centre of the city on a route which for many would have been their first
experience of
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Sacred
cattle and coolies push and pull great carts to the loading platform of the
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson,
South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
Indians
seem to be great travellers. Wartime
transportation priorities have forced many wary travellers to remain in
stations waiting for long periods.
Because of no other means, many must set up housekeeping during the long
vigil, cooking their food on the spot and sleeping on the bare floor.
(source: webpage http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson,
South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
An
Indian family sweat out a train.
Cooking vessels, clothes and bedding are surrounded by this group which
is distinguished by the presence of one of
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson,
South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Howrah Station, Rr007, "Public transportation awaits passengers arriving at Howrah Station. View from Howrah Station. Howrah bridge and nearby ghats in background." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Looking toward South Strand Road, Rr008, "From Howrah Station, looking across toward South Strand Road's warehouse and ship mooring area. This view is downstream from the second level of the station, shows public transportation waiting for passengers.." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Howrah Station, Rr015, "Public transportation awaits passengers in front of Howrah Station, Calcutta." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
Before
we start on our tour, we would like to give a brief description of the station
itself.
Built in
1906 by the East Indian Railway Company,
For the
convenience of passengers arriving by the principal trains the railway
authorities arrange, as far as practicable, to receive such trains at platforms
Nos. 1, 6 and 7 to which vehicles have direct access from roads running;
alongside. The main hall of the
station is divided by a roadway into southern and northern halves, the former
being intended for upper class and the latter for third class passengers.
At the
end of the southern half are the public retiring rooms, and the Hindu, the
Mohomedan. and the 1st and 2nd class refreshment rooms. Next, at the corner, are
the ladies' and gentlemen's Inter-class waiting rooms with the booking offices
within convenient reach. Nearby is the staircase leading to the first and
second class waiting rooms on the upper floor. In the centre is a hair dressing
saloon and .within a circular counter, are the enquiry office, the reservation
office where berths for 1st. and 2nd. class and seats for Inter class
passengers are reserved, and windows for the sale of stamps, platform tickets
and despatch of telegrams. Crossing the roadway we gain the northern half
where, immediately on the right, is an impressive memorial to the employees of
the East Indian Railway who fell in the Great War (1914-18). Farther on, is
another enquiry office, where seats are reserved for 3rd class
passengers. Then comes the public telephone call office, alongside which, are
post boxes tor ordinary and air-mail letters and a counter for the sale of
platform tickets. At the northern end is a large waiting hall for 3rd. class
passengers and attached to this hall is the 3rd. class ticket office with the
luggage office nearby. At about the north-east corner is an exit indicated by a
hoard marked "Way Out".
Emerging
from the station by this exit, we have in front a line of hackney carnages and
on the right, a taxi stand:
across
the road, a parking-stand for private cars, engaged taxis and hackney
carriages. Farther down are the East
Indian Railway Goods Sheds and Coal yard, while on our left, in
There is
a continuous Bus Service plying between
Those
connected with
No.
5.
No.
8.
No. 8A-
No. 10.
No. 11.
No. llA.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
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Calcutta boasts the third largest cantilever bridge
in the world. Its real importance,
however, lies in the fact that it serves as
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Strand Bank Road, B029, "Busy scene along Strand Bank Road upstream from Howrah Bridge, Calcutta" seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Howrah Bridge, H001, Howrah Bridge from Howrah Station side of the river. seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: West approach , H002, "West approach to Howrah Bridge, Calcutta, " seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Looking to Calcutta, H004, "Howrah Bridge from Howrah side toward ," seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
Howrah is linked with Calcutta by the Howrah Bridge, which spans the river
In 1871, Sir Bradford Leslie, Chief Engineer of the
East Indian Railway, designed and constructred the bridge from parts
manufactured in
The steady incrcease of traffic and the advent of
motor transport, in recent years, necessitated the replacement of the old shore
spans by modern and wider ones and this was done in 1928 by Messrs. Jessop
& Company with complete success and without any dislocation of traffic.
The bridge is crowded at all hours, especially in
the mornings and evenings, when suburban passengers arrive and depart from
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
After many years of controversy and indecision, a
modern bridge of the cantilever type is now being constructed by the Cleveland
Bridge and Engineering Co., Limited (
The new bridge will be sited approximately 650 feet
upstream from the existing bridge, and will have a main span of l,500 feet
centres of towers, made up of a central suspended span 564 feet long and two
cantilever arms each 468 feet long- The anchor arms will each have a length of
325 feet, and the towers will rise to a height of approximately 270 feet above
road level. The bridge will carry a road of 71 feet clear width between kerbs
and will accommodate eight lines of rehicular traffic, including two tramway
tracks running along the centre of the roadway. Pedestrian traffic will be
accommodated by two 15 feet wide footpaths. It is estimaited that the bridge
will be completed in 1941.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
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(source: Glenn S. Hensley: South Strand Road, C023, "I am at a loss to place this scene, but I think it is on South Strand Road not far from the west end of Howrah Bridge." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
Aerial view of
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
The
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Construction workers, B030, "Construction workers along Strand Bank Road, Calcutta" seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
Crossing the existing bridge we come to the
junction of Harrison and
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Turning right and proceeding along Strand Road, we
have on the right Armenian Ghat and the Port Commissioners' Warehouses and
Jetties extending as far as Chandpal Ghat, with their railway lines running
through to the Kidderpore Docks. On the left is
Passing
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Lower down the thoroughfare, at the angle
formed by
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Passing
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Farther on is Metcalfe Hall. a handsome
building of Grecian architecture, erected in 1844 in memory of Lord
Metcalfe, the liberator of the
Indian Press. The ground floor was used as offices for the
Agri-Horticultural Societyof
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Admission -.—Free, on obtaining permission
from the Mint Master.
Trams :—Nimtola-Rajabazar via Dalhousie and Esplanade.
Buses :—No. 11A.
The
Designed
by Major-General W.N. Forbes, the foundation stone was laid at a depth of 26
½ feet on the 31st March
1824, and the building completed and equipped in 1830 at a cost of about Rs. 24
lakhs, an additional 3 lakhs being subsequently spent on further extensions.
Various
additions have been made from time to time, and today the Mint is a
fully-equipped complete workshop with its own sub-station, standing on 12 acres
of ground. The
The
structure in 1832 replaced the Old Mint in
In
the early days of the Mint, coins were struck in the name of the Moghul
Emperor, but in 1835 the East India Company substituted its own coinage, which
consisted of gold mohurs and silver rupees. Copper coins were introduced in
1865 and nickel coins in about 1907. In addition to striking coins the Mint is
also responsible for the production of a large number of medals, both military
and civil.
Coins
struck in this Mint are put into circulation from the Currency Office in
An
exquisitely-sculptured marble bust of Major-General Forbes, who presided over
the Mint for several years, adorns the bullion room.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The old Customs House was situated in the buildings
which had stood since the days of 1757. The Collector’s Office was in the old
house, once occupied by Siraj-ud-Daula. Some old documents came to light in the
Grand Masonic Lodge of
The Collector of Customs decided to have it dug out
before we left to go into a new Customs House, which had been under
construction for three or four years. Work was put in hand and, after many days
of digging under the north-east corner of the building, the stone came to
light. It was in three slabs, each about eight inches thick. In the middle one,
two holes had been cut, about five inches in diameter. In each hole was a glass
bottle, one containing some old hand-written papers and the other was full of
gold and silver coins: old British guineas, Indian gold mohurs, French
Napoleons,Spanish doubloons, Dutch gold guilders, Danish gold pieces, and a few
Portuguese gold pieces.
In all, some 120 pieces in gold and silver. They
were all cleaned up by the jewellers, Hamilton & Co., and put in a flat,
glass case and deposited in the historic collection, along with the documents,
in the Queen Victoria Memorial. This huge edifice to the beloved Queen
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with 1999 Margaret [Olsen] Brossman)
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(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Calcutta business scene, B025, " Calcutta business scene on a street northwest of Dalhousie Square, Calcutta" seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Calcutta's central business district, B003, Activity in area primarily south of Calcutta's central business district. seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Street activity, C006, "Activity along what is today, I think, R. N. Mukharji Street. Anyway, it is in that vicinity" seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
A bewildering mass of billboards at the corner of
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
Admission :—Open daily from 5-30 a.m. to 6-30 p.m.
Services:—Sundays—Matins 7 a.m. High Mass, Sermon and Holy Communion 8-30
a.m.
Evensong (at St. Gregory's Chapel, Park Circus) 5-30 p.m.
Saturdays—Matins 6 a.m. High Mass and Holy Communion 7 a.m. Evensong 5-30 p.m.
Other Weekdays—Matins 5-30 a.m. Evensong 5-30 p.m.
Having the distinction of being the oldest church in
The church is centrally situated in the business quarter of the city,
and is reached from
There are three gates to the church, one at No. 2 Armenian Street,
another at No. 119 Old China Bazar Street and the third at the Kangrapatty end
of Old China Bazar Street. Entering by the last-named gate, we step on to a
boarded footpath. A covered passage
leads the way to the vestibule, directly upon which is reared the steeple,
accommodating the clock tower and the belfry. A copper plate, high above the
entrance to the vestibule, records that the steeple, which was presented by
Agha Manuel Hazarmull, was erected in 1734, but it was not until 1792 that it
was adorned with a handsome, three-dialled clock, through the generosity of
Agha Catchick Arrakiel.
The floor of the vestibule, as well as that of the churchyard, is
closely paved with tombstones, most of which are inscribed in Armenian, many in
English and Armenian and a few in English only. To the left of the vestibule,
detached from the church, is the Parochial-building, on the ground floor of
which is located the Vestry Office, where the Committee members hold their
meetings and the Wardens of the church attend to their responsible duties.
From the vestibule we enter the church, paved with marble. On the left
is a circular staircase leading to the gallery overhead, generally used by the
College boys, and let into the walls are tablets commemorating benefactors. The
two tablets, similiar in design, on either side of the altar, are erected, one
to the memory of Thaddeus Mesrope Thaddeus (1856-1927) and the other as a
tribute to Sir Paul Catchick Chater, in appreciation of their munificent
donations.
The main aisle leads between massive fluted pillars and polished pews
to the Chancel, on the right of which is the organ and in the middle the choir.
On the east, from the centre of the Sanctuary, rises the Holy Altar, impressive
in the majestic simplicity of its design, and adorned with a Cross, Gospels and
Twelve Candlesticks, symbolic of the Divine Lord and His Apostles. The
Altarpiece, consisting of three oil paintings by A. E. Harris, representing
"The Holy Trinity", "The Lord's Supper" and "The
Enshrouding of Our Lord", was presented in 1901, in loving memory of
Carapiet and Hossanah Balthazar by their children. The side altars over the
sacristies were erected in 1763 and dedicated, one to St. Gregory the
Illuminator, and the other to the Apostles Peter and Paul, in memory of their
namesakes the brothers Agha Kerikore and Agha Petrus, the sons of Aratoon of
old Eravan.
A door from the sacristy beneath the altar of the Apostles Peter and
Paul, leads to the Baptistery, to which access can also be gained from the
churchyard.
A brief history of the origin of the Armenians and their religion will
be of interest here.
THE ORIGIN:—The founder of the Armenian nation was Haik, fourth in
direct descent from Noah. The genealogical tree is as follows—Noah, Japhet,
Gomer, Togarmah (Genesis X. 1,2,3.). Haik was the son of Togarmah; he founded
the Haikaznian dynasty in 2111 B. C. and to this day the people in their
language are called Hai and the country Hayastan after him. After Aram, the
greatest warrior of the dynasty, who by his conquests became a terror to the
neighbouring states these ancient people came to be called Aramians—Armenians,
and their country Armenia, names surviving to the present day. This dynasty was
overthrown by Alexander the
Great in 332 B.C., and it was not until 15C B.C. that Arshack I founded the
Arshakoonian dynasty The year 428 A.D., marked the fall of this dynasty, when
the country was handed over to Bahram, the Persian King
In 859 A. D. Ashot I founded the Pacratoonian dynasty, which held sway
till 1079, when it came to an end through treachery, and the country passed
under Grecian rule. The following year, 1080 A.D., Ruben 1. founded the
Rubenian dynasty, which was overthrown in 1373 by the Ameer of
After seven years captivity, King Leon was released through the
mediation of King John of
"Here lies the most noble and excellent Prince Leon of Lusignan,
Sixth Latin King of the Kingdom of Armenia, who rendered his soul to God in
Paris on the 29th of November, in the year of Grace 1393."
After the fall of the Rubenian dynasty, the history of die Armenians
is one long record of appalling horrors. The Egyptians, the Tartars, the
Persians and the Turks in turn massacred the people and devastated their
country. In 1914, on the outbreak of the Great War, the Armenians rallied
together, fought on the side of the Allies and in May 1918, once again set up
the self-governing state of
THEIR RELIGION:—The Armenians claim to be the first nation to have
embraced Christianity. In the Gospel of
" And there were certain Greeks
among them that came up to
worship at the feast; The same came therefore to Philip which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, saying,
Sir, we would see Jesus."
According to history, these were messengers from King Apcar of
"Blessed is he who believes in Me without seeing Me, for it is written of Me that they that see Me
shall not believe and they that have not seen Me shall believe and be
saved,"
In 34 A. D. the Apostles Thaddeus and Bartholomew arrived in
At the close of the 3rd century A. D., when Constantine the Great
embraced and introduced Christianity into his Empire, afterwards the Eastern
Empire, St. Gregory the Illuminator, with King Terdat of Armenia, revived
Christianity throughout the country, and the people have ever since clung to
their faith, despite the horrors of massacres and persecutions.
* Records show that this priceless relic was kept in Edessa, then the
capital of Armenia, till 944, when it was removed to Constantinople by the
Emperor Romanus of Greece, and in the 14th century transferred to Genoa, Italy, where it is said to be
preserved to this day
The Armenian Church is known as the
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Directly opposite the bridge is
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
At the entrance to
We now cross Clive Row and note on the left
Crossing
Just a few steps higher up is Portuguese Church
Street (Murghihatta)leading past Synagogue Street and the Roman Catholic Cathedral to Armenian Street and a little way along (right)
is Pollock Street, leading to Radha Bazar Street, and higher up is Ezra
Street, the centre of the
electrical goods trade. Facing
The eastern half of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
on the left is the Maghen David Synagogue, a
stately building in the Italian Renaissance style of architecture, with a lofty
steeple adorned with an actractive four-dialed clock. It was erected on the
site of an earlier structure by the noted philanthropist Elias David Joseph
Ezra (1830-1886).
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
ROMAN CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL : It stands in
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
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Street
scene outside the Calcutta stock exchange.
The noise is similar to the bedlam in all word exchange and many
transactions (unofficial) take place in the street as shown here.
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South
Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
(source: webpage http://40thbombgroup.org/indiapics2.html Monday,
03-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of
Seymour Balkin)
Blast walls show as well as the hand-spattered paint on building walls, an attempt to tone down their brightness during black-out periods. This is in Calcutta's central business district, but I do not know the name of the buildings or the exact . The evidence of an accidental fire still shows on the ground level of the tallest structure.
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Blast walls, C020, "Blast walls show as well as the hand-spattered paint on building walls, an attempt to tone down their brightness during black-out periods. This is in Calcutta's central business district, but I do not know the name of the buildings or the exact . The evidence of an accidental fire still shows on the ground level of the tallest structure." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: webpage http://40thbombgroup.org/indiapics2.html Monday,
03-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of
Bob Sanders)
Retracing
our steps and passing through
At the
corner of
By the
side of
Back to
the point where we entered
On the
other side, across the thorough fare at No. 8, is Gillanders Arbuthnot &
Cos Clive Buildings, the largest in Clive Street, housing the Imperial Bank of
India (Clive Street Branch), the Mercantile Bank of India. Lionel Edwards &
Co., the Prudential Assurance Co. Ltd., and several other business firms. A few
stops lower down is the South British Insurance Co's buildings, accommodating
the National City Bank of New York and the Board of Trustees for the
improvement of Calcutta.
We now
come to the Royal Exchange, built on
the site of the New Oriental Bank Corporation, which was purchased by the Chamber of Commerce in 1893.
[…]
To the
east of the
The
imposing building at No. 2, Clive Street is that of the Chartered Bank, erected
in 1908 by Martin & Co. at a cost of Rs. 9,62,000/-. The upper floors of
this building are occupied by Bird & Co. and F. W. Heilgers & Co
(entrances from
In
[…]
Higher
up, at No- 6, Lyons Range, is Turner Morrison's building, where Graham's
Trading Co. (
Finding
ourselves once more in Clive Street, in front of the Chartered Bank, we have
The
whole of the southern side of
This was
known as 'Long Row' and divided the Old Fore into two sections.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
We now
come to the Royal Exchange, built on
the site of the New Oriental Bank Corporation, which was purchased by the Chamber of Commerce in 1893. Designed
by T. S. Gregson of Messrs Gregson, Batley &. King (Architects), Bombay,
the foundation stone was laid in 1916 by Lord Carmichael and the structure, of
Grecian architecture, erected by J. C. Bannerjee &. Co., of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
In
Although
business in stocks and shares in
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
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The American
Red Cross Burra Club, leave center for GI's and recreation spot for all
enlisted men. The unpretentious facade belies an interior complete with
dormitory, snack bar, restaurant, music room games room, lounge, barber and
tailor shops, wrapping service department and post exchange.
(source: webpage http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson,
South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Dalhousie Square, C004, Northwest corner of Dalhousie Square at intersection of today's Lal Bazaar St. and East Old Courthouse Street seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Red Cross Club, C005, "North along today's Old Courthouse Street. At left is Dalhousie Square. Building at right with American Flag was the American Red Cross club for American servicemen. Church at left is on today's Lal Bazaar Street." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Government House, C011, Government House (today's Raj Bhavan.) Gate on side toward Dalhousie Square. seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Post Office, C015, Calcutta Post Office seen across Dalhousie Square from today's Brabourne Road (Opposite old No. 8 Dalhousie Square) seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
We now
enter
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
On the left, in the
centre of the roadway, stands the white marble Holwell Monument, erected
in 1902 by Lord Curzon, (Viceroy 1899-1905) to die memory of the 123 persons
who perished in the Black Hole Prison of Old Fort William on the night
of the 20th. June, 1756. To the south of the Collectorate, within the iron
gateway of the General Post Office, is the railed pavement of black marble
marking the site of the Black Hole. Next comes the General Post Office, which,
with its lofty silvery dome, forms the most prominent landmark in
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
At the
Junction of Koila Ghat Street and Strand Road, is the Port
Commissioners' building; while the southern side of Koila Ghat Street, from
Strand Road to Bankshall Street, is occupied by the Head Offices of the
Eastern, Bengal Railway. On the western side of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The red
brick structure at the corner of Koila Ghat Street and Dalhousie Square (West)
is that of the Royal Insurance Company Ltd., accommodating Sandersons &.
Morgans (Solicitors), and the Manufacturers' Life Assurance Company of Canada
(1887). Adjoining is McLeod House,. housing the Phoenix Assurance Company Ltd.,
and the Empire of India Assurance Company Ltd.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Trams :—Within
reach of all trams, except Kidderpore, Alipore and Behala.
Buses :—2A, 3A, 4A, 5, 8, 8A, 13, 14.
Across the placid waters of a
miniature lake in Dalhousie Square stands the General Post Office, occupying
the corner of Koilaghat Street and Dalhousie Square West, Its majestic dome and
graceful pillars, crowned by Corinthian capitals, give it a dignified
appearance worthy of one of the more important public utility services. The
eastern facade is adorned by a large illuminated clock with four dials, three
of which are visible from outside; of these, two indicate Calcutta Local Time,
and the third, facing south, Indian Standard Time.
Built from the design of Mr.
Walter Granville, Architect to the Government of India, the General Post Office
was erected in 1864 on the site of the southern wing of Old Fort William, at a
cost of Rs. 6,50,000/- and opened to the public in 1868. The General Post
Office today is, beyond all doubt, the best organised and most up-to-date in
the East.
There is much that is profoundly
interesting to the visitor in the General Post Office and the buildings that
adjoin it on the north, viz. the Collectorate, the Customs House and the East
Indian Railway House. These four buildings, taken together, cover the site of
Old Fort William, which took 14 years to build, and was in flames during the
siege of Calcutta in 1756. Affixed to the walls are marble tablets descriptive
of outstanding historical events, and brass lines let into pavements and
courtyards, define the boundaries of the vanished stronghold.
Ascending the broad flight of
steps we enter the rotunda, in the centre of which is a circular counter where
stamps are on sale from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. on weekdays and from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m.
and 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. on Sundays and holidays. In the rotunda are also located
the Enquiry Office, the Poste Restante, a counter for the sale of stamps to the
value of Rs. 100/- and upwards, separate boxes for inland letters and packets,
foreign letters and packets, registered newspapers, and the airmail letterbox.
A passage to the right of the rotunda
leads to the northern wing of the building, to which access can also be gained
from the main road; here directly in front are the post-boxes for local letters
and packets, and inside, the inland registration and insurance departments.
Staircases at either end lead to the private post-boxes on the upper
floor.
A passage to the left of the
rotunda leans to the southern wing of the building, where the inland parcel,
money order, telegraphic money order, postal order, and savings bank
departments are located; while on the upper floor are the departments dealing
with foreign registered letters, Customs assessments and foreign parcel
delivery.
A descent by a short flight of
steps from this wing brings us to
The red brick building on the left
accommodates the office of the Presidency Postmaster, and adjoining it is the
office of the Accountant-General, Posts and Telegraphs (entrance from
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
At the
south-west corner of
Higher
up
At the
corner of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The telephone
is so widely used today in almost every department of life, that we have come
to take it for granted and consider it just a bare fitting to be installed as a
matter of course. If we but pause to dwell on the subject, we cannot but marvel
at the ingenuity of its inventor, and the way the telephone has developed in a
scant sixty years. On its inception it boasted a handful of venturesome
subscribers, while today telephones are numbered in their thousands in all
important cities of the world.
The pioneer
of the telephone was Professor Graham Bell of the
The
first page in telephone history
was written in 1878, when an
exchange was opened in
During
the Great War the progress of the telephone suffered a setback owing to
Government restrictions. When these were removed, however, subscribers joined
in ever-increasing numbers, till a total of approximately 15,000 was reached in
1937 ; this number is today nearing 20,000.
In 1921
the Telephone Corporation opened the Central Exchange at No. 8 Hare Street with
an ultimate capacity for 10,000 lines, and later, with a view to relieving
pressure on the Central Exchange and to speed up the service, two exchanges
were opened in 1924, one in north Calcutta, known as "Burra Bazar"
and the other in south Calcutta, called "South," while yet another
exchange was opened in 1929 in Park Circus, known as "Park." Today
there are six exchanges spread over the city with a total of 250 operators.
The
amazing development in the Trunk Telephone System has brought the farthest
cNoorners of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The
pioneer of wireless transmission was that gifted genius Signor Marconi. In May
1897 he made his first successful experiment across the length of a billiard
table in a hotel in the
The
far-reaching possibilities of this invention, the greatest of the day, were
quickly realized by the British Post Office, and before long the Admirality and
large shipping concerns, showed their practical interest in this wonderful
method of communication. In 1901, only a year after the formation of the
Marconi International Marine Communication Company, the first British ship was
fitted with wireless: today a world total of no less than 15,000 ships are so
equipped, including 4,000 British vessels.
When the
British India Steam Navigation Company decided to fit their fleet of ships on
the Indian coast with wireless, the Marconi Marine Company in 1912 established
an office in Hastings Street, Calcutta, for that purpose;
by 1918,
however, larger accommodation became necessary, and the Company moved to
In 1927,
the Indian Broadcasting Company was formed, and erected Broadcasting Stations
at Bombay and Calcutta; this company was later taken over by the Government,
who have re-organised the service and are responsible for the fine quality and
variety of the programmes provided.
Today
wireless plays a large part in the world's activities; it is used for
entertainment, advertising and propaganda.
A few yards down
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The
Calcutta Tramways Company was formed in 1879, following an agreement with the
Calcutta Corporation. The gauge of the original tram lines was only 3 feet 3/8
inches, and passengers were carried by means of horse trams, except on the
Kidderpore line, and for a short time on Chowringhee Road, where steam tractors
were used.
This
continued till 1902 when, under a fresh agreement with the Calcutta
Corporation, the Tramways Company widened their gauge to 4 feet 8 ½ inches and
ran their trams by electric power. By 1908, they had extended the service to
Alipore, Behala, Tollygunge. Baghbazar, Belgatchia, Harrison Road and Lower
Circular Road, and had also inaugurated the
Further
extensions were made to Rajabazar in 1910, to Park Circus in 1925 and to
Ballygunge in 1928, and Government Sanction has now been obtained for the
extension of the tramway track from Rajabazar on
The
number of tramcars in daily use in
The
Company operates approximately 40 miles of double track and employs a staff of
about 7000, out of which over 6000 are Indians. The number of passengers
carried in 1886 was 8, 599,799: in 1902, 15,048,273 while in 1930 the number
had increased' to 80,000,000 and in 1937 to over 103,000,000.
The
Company offers the following concessions:
Monthly
Tram Tickets, Rail-cum-Tram Tickets, Six-annas All-Day Tickets on holidays and
Sundays, and Cheap Midday fares on weekdays, except Saturdays and holidays.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
At the
south-west corner of
The
Reserve Bank of
At the
left corner of Wellesley Place stands the stately building of the Central
Telegraph Office, open day and night for the despatch of express telegrams,
and from 8-30 A.M. to 9-30 P.M. daily (except on Sundays and holidays) for
ordinary telegrams. At No. 3,
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
This Institute,
situated on the south side of Dalhousie Square, was originally constructed as a
Monumental Hall to accommodate busts and statues of great men associated with
the history of British India, as well as to provide a .resort for mental
improvement and social intercourse for all classes.
The
building was designed by Walter Granville, and the foundation stone laid with
Masonic ceremony in 1865 by the Hon'ble Cecil Beadon, Lieutenant-Governor of
Bengal, assisted by H. D. Sandeman, Provincial Grand Master, in the presence of
Sir John Lawrence, Governor-General of India (1864-69). The cost of its
construction was met partly by public subscription and partly from funds raised
to commemorate the heroic deeds of those who distinguished themselves in the
mutiny of 1857.
The
Institute has a large hall measuring 90 ft. by 45ft., with marble-faced walls
and a lofty, richly-carved ceiling. A brass plate affixed to the wall,
commemorates John Renfrew, with whom the idea of erecting this memorial hall
originated and through whose efforts the Institute was built. The hall for some
years fulfilled its original purpose. of commemoration; it is now the
Headquarters of the Dalhousie Club,
often used for public functions. The Trades Association is accommodated in the
eastern wing of the building.
The only
statue in the Institute is that erected to the memory of the Hon'ble James
Wilson, Finance Member 1859-60, who introduced Income Tax and Government Paper
Currency into the country.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
We now
cross the road to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The
thoroughfare branching off the north-east corner of
The
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The
building on the left, at the entrance of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
At the
north-east corner of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Admission :—Open daily from 6 a.m. to 1 p.m.
Services :—Sundays—Morning Service 9-30 a.m.
Sunday School 10-30 a.m.
Evening Service:—(generally
broadcast) 6-30 p.m.
Holy Communion :—Third Sunday of
February, May, August and November and Easter Sunday at Morning Service.
This imposing edifice of Grecian
architecture, built on the site of the old Court House, occupies the
northeastern corner of
The foundation stone was laid with
Masonic ceremony on St. Andrew's Day in 1815 by Lord Hastings, Governor-General
(1813-1823), Lady Hastings, a Scottish Peeress, attending in State. The church,
built by Messrs. Burn,Currie and Co., at a cost of Rs. 2,46,000, towards which
the Government contributed Rs. 1,00,000 and the site valued at Rs. 30,000, was
consecrated on the 8th March 1818 by Dr. James Bryce, the first Scottish
Minister in
Ascending a flight of marble steps
at the southern entrance, and passing through the beautiful portico supported
by solid Doric columns, we enter the vestibule. Here on the walls is a brass
plate, to the memory of the Cossipore Artillery Volunteers who fell in the
Great War, and a framed letter of greeting from the General Assembly of the
Church of Scotland, on the occasion of the centenary in 1921 of the Indian
Chaplaincy Work.
In the Vestry hang oil paintings
of the Rev. Dr. Bryce (1814-1836) and his successor
From the vestibule we enter the
church and note the wide centre aisle, leading between solid pillars and highly
polished pews to the Communion table; by the side stands the handsome lofty
pulpit and nearby is the white marble Baptismal Font.
Staircases on either side lead to
the organ loft and the encircling gallery overhead and mural tablets line the
walls of the church. The two brass plates one on either side, are to the
memory of the officers and men of the 2nd Battalion, the Royal Scots Fusiliers,
who died during foreign service (1919-1931); and of the members of the 1st
Battalion, the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders, who died in India during the
Battalion's tour of foreign service (1919-1934).
In the gallery is a black marble
tablet dedicated to the officers and men of the 2nd Battalion, the Argyll and
Sutherland Highlanders (1902-1903), and a marble medallion to the memory of Sir
John Woodburn, Lieutenant-Governor of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Trams :—A1I trams except Park Circus to
High Court via
Buses :—2, 3A, 4A, 5, 8, 8A, 13,14.
This imposing edifice of Gothic
architecture, occupying the northern side of
The roof displays symbolic figures
and four allegorical groups representing Science, Agriculture, Commerce and
Justice. The western wing of the structure covers the site of St. Anne's
Church, which was erected in 1709 and totally destroyed during the siege of
Writers' Building, originally
consisting of nineteen apartments, was constructed in 1776 for the purpose of
providing quarters for the writers of the Hon'ble East India Company ; later it
was rented out as offices and private rooms. During the
Lieutenant-Governor-ship of Sir Ashley Eden (1877-1882) it was greatly enlarged
and improved upon, new blocks were constructed, addtional floors added, the
appearance enhanced by the present decorative facade and fantastic roof, and
the building, under the name of Bengal Secretariat, became the permanent home
for the various departments of the
Bengal Government.
Impatient suitors will find the
Marriage Registrater Office conveniently located on the ground floor.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
From the
western corner of Writers' Building we cross the road and enter
as the "Green", later the "Park", then "
Along
the broad walk on the northern side of the Park is a statue
of Sir Ashley Eden, Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, 1877-1882 ; another, an
equestrian, by Geo. Frampton of Sir John Woodburn, Lieutenant-Governor,
1898-1902; and a third, by Hamo Thornicroft of Sir Stewart Colvin Bayley,
Lieutenant-Governor, 1887-1890. The statue onthe east side is' that of Sir Andrew Fraser. Lieutenant-Governor, 1903-1908. and
that on the west side of Sir R. N. Mukerjee, a well-known philanthropise. On
the south side of the square stands Dalhousie Institute, and at the south-west
comer a seated marble statue with the only word "Darbhanga"
inscribed un the pedestal. Four marble fountains installed by Lord Curzon, one
at each corner, add to the beauty of the Square.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
These Sikh lads have chosen an
auspicious stand for their business of selling 'precious' stone to GI's. No
more than 12 years old, these boys are shrewd and 'malum' English well enough
to trim a sucker every time.
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
This buffalo herd's movements
seem to be guided by whim alone and are typical of the complete indifference to
traffic control by man and animal alike.
this is
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
Making our way out of the park by the south-east
gate and crossing the road, we find ourselves in
The imposing building extending
from Hastings Street to Esplanade Row (West), formerly the Imperial Secretariat
(the Headquarters of the Government of India), is now occupied by the
Registrars of Firms and Joint-Stock Companies, Bengal, the Commissioner of
Income Tax, Bengal, the Government of India Printing Press, Office, Central
Works and Maps Depot and other Government Departments. No. 7,
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Lower down is Old Post Office
Street, almost wholly occupied by lawyers' offices; facing Old Post Office
Street is Church Lane and at No, 11, Hastings Street the Government Commercial
Institute.
This Institute is controlled
by a Board of Management on which the influential section of the mercantile
community is fairly represented. It
conducts Day and Evening classes and there are special arrangements for classes
in connection with the training of students for the examinations of the London
Institute of Bankers, and those held for the recruitment to the Railway
Accounts Service. The institute
follows courses of study carefully prepared under the guidance of the Board,
affiliates other commercial institutions in the province, holds its own
examinations and grants its own Diplomas.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Location:—Situated on the upper floor of
Admission:—Free;
those below the age of 18 are not admitted.
Open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on weekdays. Closed on Sundays
and holidays.
Established in 1916, this excellent reference library is a
boon to those who seek commercial news and statistics. The library contains
about 20,000 volumes, dealing with all aspects of Commerce, Industry,
Economics, Chemistry, Agriculture, Banking, etc., and is regularly supplied
with journals on Commercial and Technical subjects. In addition, the general
public can obtain, free of charge, particulars regarding Current Prices, Tariff
Rates, Freight Charges and other valuable commercial information received from
foreign countries.
The reading room is large, bright and pleasant. Down the
centre of the room are tables, some set apart for consulting books, others for
reading journals.
At the discretion of the Librarian, certain books are lent
out against deposits.
That the library is gaining in popularity every year, is
borne out by the fact that over 50,000 people visited it in 1937, against a
bare 6,000 a few years back.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Returning to the point from
where we entered Government Place (North) and pursuing our way alongthe main
thoroughfare, which has now become Government Place (East), we have on the
right Government House, and on the left Ezra Mansion, Firpo's Restaurant
(formerly Peliti's), the showrooms of the Great Indian Motor Works Ltd. and
Drapper Lane, at No. 1 of which is the Rangers
Club. Farther on, at the corner of
Government Place (East) and Esplanade (East), stands Esplanade Mansion, a
building of distinctive architecture, constructed by Messrs. Martin & Co.
in 1910 at a cost of Rs. 5,60,000/-. On the ground floor of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
(
Location :—No. 5, Government Place North.
Hours of Business :—10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
On the outbreak of the Great War in 1914, there was immediately
expressed, by those who could not go to the Front, a great desire to help in
any way they could. Lady Carmichael took the initiative and formed the
"Lady Carmichael Bengal Women's War Fund." Its early activities ere confined to the supply of comforts to
sailors and soldiers, and implements and appliances to hospitals.
On the conclusion of the Great War in 1918, when the work done for
the troops and the field hospitals gradually decreased, the available funds
were transferred to the Indian Red Cross Society (Bengal Branch), by an Act
known as Bengal Act VIII of 1920.
The aim of the Red Cross Society is to secure the active interest
of the greatest number of possible members, and to inaugurate schemes which
will be capable of instant expansion in case of emergency. The work of the
Society is therefore organised under five main divisions :—
1. The Red Cross Military Division
(Literature for Troops Section) :—This division, in
peace time, carries on the work done by the Red Cross Society during the war,
in providing comforts for troops. It also deals with the collection and
despatch of periodicals, books and papers to troops in
2. The Red Cross Hospitals Division
(Civil and
3. The Red Cross Health Welfare Division
:—This controls work
specially connected with Public Health and consists of six sections each with a
separate committee:
Section 1.
Section 2. District
Maternity and Child Welfare Committee.
Section 3. Industrial
Maternity and Child Welfare Committee.
Section 4.
Section 5.
Section 6.
4. The Junior Red Cross :—This
movement, which started in
5. The Ambulance Division:—This
Consists of:—
(a).
(b). St. John Ambulance
Brigade, which provides the personnel of trained men and women who are
prepared to do duty as First Aiders on all public occasions. In addition,
separate Committees carry out the work in connection with the following :—
1. The Sub-committee of the King George's AntiTuberculosis Fund.
2. The Jadabpur Tuberculosis Annexe.
3. The Red Cross District Relief Fund.
4. The Association for the Prevention of Blindness, affiliated to
this Branch.
The Red Cross Society, working in co-operation with the
Association and Brigade, gives a monthly grant to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Admission :—Open daily from 6 a.m. to 7
p.m.
Services:—Sundays—Matins 7-30 a.m. Sung Eucharist and Sermon
8.30 a.m. Sunday School 4-30
p.m.
Evensong
and Sermon 6-30
p.m.
Weekdays
(In Lady Chapel):—Wednesdays and Fridays—Holy Communion 8 a.m.
St. John's Church, the Anglican
Cathedral of Calcutta until 1847, was built by public subscription from the
design of Lieutenant Agg of the Bengal Engineers, on the site of the old Powder
Magazine and the original burial ground of the East India Company. The
foundation stone was laid on the 6th April 1784, with impressive ceremony by
Edward Wheler, Senior Member of Council, under the auspices of the Hon'ble
Warren Hastings, and the Church was consecrated in 1787, under the auspices of
the Marquess of Cornwallis. It is a large square structure of Grecian
architecture, surmounted by a stone tower and spire 174 feet high. Much of the
necessary stone and blue-grey marble used in the construction was brought from
Gour, the ancient capital of
The entrance to the church is by
the iron gate at the corner of
by the side is the Vestry, the
walls of which are adorned with portraits, including one of Field-Marshal Earl
Roberts in a frame together with a copy of his baptismal certificate, recording
his birth at
Entering the church we note the
regimental colours of the 5th
The floor of the church is paved
with grey marble and the walls are lined with memorial tablets.
The main Altar is plain and
simple in design; a memorial tablet within the Altar rails covers the mortal
remains of Bishop Middleton, the first Anglican Bishop of
To the right of the main Altar
is Lady Chapel, the entrance to which is marked by the figures of two angels :
a light is kept constantly
burning in this chapel. The three-fold stained glass window depicting scenes
from the life of Christ, is in memory of Henry Inglis, obit 1865. On the right
is a monument erected by Sir David Ochterlony and the officers of the army
under his command, to the memory of young Lieutenant Peter Lawrie, who lost his
life in the first campaign of the
In the verandah on the north of
the church is a striking white marble monument, inlaid with delicate mosaic, to
the memory of Lady Canning, and immediately
to the west of the church is a beautiful monument covering the remains
of Lord Brabourne, Governor of Bengal, who died on the 23rd February 1939, at
the age of 42.
In the churchyard at the
north-west corner, stands the Charnock Mausoleum, the burial place of Job
Charnock, the founder of
Among the other monuments in the
churchyard are those of Mrs. Francis Johnson, 1725-1812, who was the oldest
resident of Bengal; Charles Watson, Vice-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief of His
Majesty's Naval Forces in the East Indies, obit 1757; William Speke, of His
Majesty's Ship "Kent," who lost his life during the capture of Fort
Orleans in 1757; and the Right Rev. Bishop John Turner, obit 1831; also a cenotaph
in memory of Col. C. Burrington and those who fell during the Rohilla War in
1794.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(source: webpage http://40thbombgroup.org/indiapics2.html Monday,
03-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of
Seymour Balkin)
To the
right of the thoroughfare lies
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
On the
western extremity of the Maidan, facing Esplanade East, towers the
Sir
David Ochterlony was born in February 1758 at Boston, U. S. A., joined the
Hon'ble East India Company's army as a cadet in 1777, and rose to the rank of Major-General. He died at
The
monument, a fluted column of brickwork, was built in 1828 by J. P. Parker, from
the design of Charles Knowles Robinson, at a cost of about Rs. 35,000, met by
public subscription. It is of Eastern design, with a rare combination of three
architectural styles. The base is Egyptian, the column Syrian, while the
dome with its metal cupola is typically Turkish. The height of the monument is
158 feet; the spiral staircase within contains 198 steps from the ground level
to the first balcony, and another 25 from the first to the second balcony.
A trip
to the top is well worth the trouble entailed, as from it one can view and
marvel at the spreading panorama of the busy city below, laid out in a perfect
bird's-eye view.
No
charge is levied for ascending the monument, the only formality being the
obtaining of the necessary permission, which is readily had from the Assistant
Commissioner of Police at
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Admission:—Free;
those below the age of 18 are not admitted.Tickets are issued on application to
the Librarian.
Open from
10 a.m. to 7 p.m. on weekdays and from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Sundays and
holidays. Closed on the four principal days of the Durga Puja holidays,
Christmas & New Year's Day, Good Friday, Easter Sunday and the King
Emperor's birthday.
Trams :—All
except Park Circus-High Court via
Buses :—2,
2A, 3,3A, 4, 4A, 5, 5A, 8, 8A, 12, 12B, 13, 14.
The
Imperial Library is accommodated on the ground floor of No. 6 Esplanade East,
in the magnificent building known as the Foreign and Military Secretariat. This
Library was founded in 1902 by Lord Curzon, Viceroy and Governor-General of
There
are three reading rooms,—the General Reading Room, the Ladies' Reading Room,
and the Private Reading Room for those engaged in systematic research work. The
number of visitors during 1936-1937 was 50,576 against 15,093 in 1902, the year
of its inauguration.
From a
little short of 100,000 volumes in January 1903, the Library now contains
340,000 among which are a number of very important ones, including a few rare
early editions in English dealing with India, recent editions of books in
French, German and other European languages, and a wide selection of diverse
books on a variety of subjects. In addition there are a number of the more
important newspapers and • periodicals published in
A
collection of books and manuscripts in Arabic, Persian and Urdu, known as the
"Buhar Library", generously presented to the Government of India in
1904 by Maulvi Sayed Sadr-ud-din Ahmed-ul-Musovi, Zemindar of Buhar, are also
treasured in this Library.
The
Library maintains author and subject catalogues of books printed in English and
other European languages; also of books in Arabic, Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati,
Hindi, Malayalam, Marathi, Pali, Persian, San' skrit, Tamil, Telegu, Tibetan,
Urdu and Uriya.
Books
are lent out against a deposit, except in the case of those valuable for their
rarity or illustrations, in which case special permission must be obtained from
the Librarian, who, when in doubt, refers the matter to the Library Council for
orders.
The
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Government
House, very centrally situated at the northern end of the
Designed
by Captain Wyatt of the Corps of Engineers, the foundation stone was laid on
the 5th February, 1799, and the building, erected at a cost of about Rs. 20
lakhs, formally opened and occupied by the Marquess of Wellesley on the
27th January 1803, with a Ball given in honour of the signing of the Treaty of
Amiens.
The
palace, consisting of the main building surmounted by a majestic silvery dome
and four corner blocks, is almost a replica of Kedleston Hall, Lord Curzon's
ancestral home in Derbyshire. It stands in the centre of an artistically
laid-out park covering about six acres, and was the residence of the Viceroys
of
There
are six gates to the building; the design of the two eastern and the two
western ones attracting special attention, each being surmounted by a stone
lion with a forepaw resting on a globe. The main gate is to the north, where
the Visitors' Book is kept.
When the
Governor is in residence, mounted sowars of his Bodyguard are on duty at the
southern entrance, after the style of the Horseguards at
A
magnificent flight of steps leads to the State Room, used only on State and
Ceremonial occasions. The main entrance is through a handsome portico,
supported by lofty classical columns and surmounted by the Royal Coat of Arms.
The Throne Room, where the Throne of Tipu Sultan is still preserved, and the
Grand Marble Hall are on the first floor ; the Ball Room. is on the floor above.
The
Palace abounds with objects of art, many of which are of historic interest.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
GOVERNMENT
HOUSE : Formerly the official residence of the Governor-General and Viceroy of
(source: “A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
Government House, an imitation of Kedleston Hall, was the most
imposing in its garden of well-kept lawns and trees. The domed central building
was approached by a double flight of steps, and the four wings connected by
galleries were ingeniously ventilated. From either side the impression was of a
semi-circle with Ionic columns and a central porch, and similar columns
silhouetted the wings.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with Harold Acton)
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Chowringhee Square. The
Mohamadan mosque, Juma Masjid, is shown at left. This is actually one of the quiet moments when GI trucks, taxis,
bicycles and other modes of transport can move with comparative freedom.
(source: webpage http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Calcutta Statesman newspaper office, B004, Gate to Calcutta Statesman newspaper office a short distance north of the Esplanade seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Statesman office, C018, " Editorial offices of ""Calcutta Statesman"", a daily newspaper,1944. Located at the corner of today's Bentinck Street and Chittaranjan Avenue." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: webpage http://40thbombgroup.org/indiapics2.html Monday,
03-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of Seymour Balkin)
(source: webpage http://40thbombgroup.org/indiapics2.html Monday,
03-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of Seymour Balkin)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Upper floor view of intersection, C021, "Intersection of Chowringee Road and Dharamtolla (today's Surenda Nath Banerji Road. View looks south from an upper floor of the Calcutta ""Statesman"" editorial offices. Victoria Memorial and Ochterlony Monument are visible in the Maidan." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Intersection, C013, "Looking northeast across the intersection of Chowringee and today's Lenin (Was Dharamtolla, I think) street. Esplanade tram terminus is off to the left, out of sight." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
North up today's Nehru Road toward today's Bentinck Street from the intersection of Nehru Road and Esplande Row East, Lenin streets. Photo made from second floor Chung Sun restaurant building. Calcutta Statesman newspaper office is just out of sight to right.
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Nehru Road, C008,"North up today's Nehru Road toward today's Bentinck Street from the intersection of Nehru Road and Esplande Row East, Lenin streets. Photo made from second floor Chung Sun restaurant building. Calcutta Statesman newspaper office is just out of sight to right." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Chowringee Road, C001, "Chowringee Road at Esplanade, center of activity." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
The end of Esplanade (East) brings us to a point
where five important roads diverge. The one immediately on the left is
Returning to the junction of Esplanade (East) and
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Behind is Victoria House, the handsome and imposing
building of the Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation, surmounted by a dome on
which is a globe that becomes an illuminated beacon during the early hours of
the night.
The
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
To the east of Victoria House and separated from it
by a roadway, marking the entrance to Central Avenue, is Statesman House, a
stately building of modern architecture, designed by Sudlow, Bailardie and
Thompson. The foundation stone was laid by Lord Willingdon, Viceroy and
Governor-General of
The shape of the site settled the main lines of
the Statesman House, and its designers were able to obtain considerable dignity
for the main front by setting it back from the roadway in a broad sweep. The
colonnades, which run through two storeys of the structure, emphasise the
importance and dignity of the main entrance.
"The
Statesman" had a
foster parent in "The Friend of
With the passage of years The Statesman has
gradually grown in popularity, size and importance and today holds the record
for the largest circulation in the East. It publishes the latest news from the
world over and carries a wide variety of advertisement. The Statesman also
publishes a "Weekly Overseas Edition".
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Directly facing Esplanade (East) is
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
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Porceeding we have on the right the church of the
Sacred Heart of ]esus, built in 1822 by Mrs. Pascoa Baretto De Souza ;
adjoining is the Corinthian Theatre and Talkie House, while on the left is the
New Cinema, by the side of which runs Madan Street. Facing
Pursuing our way we pass on the right the Salvation
Army Headquarters for Eastern India, the Indian Institute for Medical
Research, Mott Lane, the Dharamtala Post and Telegraph Office and Thoburn
Lane; on the left is The Bengal Immunity Co. Ltd. This Institution was
founded in 1919, under a Board of Directors and a Working Committee, consisting
of prominent members of the Medical profession, for the preparation of Sera,
Vaccines and other injectable products.
Next is the
[…]
Returning to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Central Hall—37,
PUBLIC MEETINGS
Sunday—Holiness
Meeting, 10 a.m.
Young Peoples
Meeting (Sunday School), 8-45 a.m.
Salvation
Meeting, 7-30 p.m.
Monday— Vernacular Meeting, 8-30 p.m.
Wednesday—Home
League (Ladies only), 3-30 p.m.
Thursday—United
Meeting, Music and Speaker, 7-30 p.m.
The Salvation
Army Headquarters for
"This building was erected and dedicated to the glory
of God; for the Salvation of souls, by the aid of Army
comrades and friends in
commemoration of the 70th., birthday of General Bram-
well Booth. 1926".
The Salvation
Army, established in
The Training
Garrison for young men, at
The Salvation
Army (Gidney) Hostel for young business women, at 38
Dharamtala Street.
Naval and
Military Home :—a "home away from home"
for soldiers and sailors, at
Men's
Industrial Home :—which provides employment and
offers night shelter for Europeans and Anglo-Indians, at
The Women's
and Children's Industrial Home at Behala (for Indians),
consisting of an Industrial Home, a department to deal with and house young
girls rescued from moral danger, a medical unit and an infant section which
deals with foundlings and orphaned babies.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Entering
Continuing our way, we have on the left,
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Location :—
Trams :—Dalhousie Square-Park Circus.
Buses
:—8, 8A.
To
meet the educational needs of the Moslem Community, the Government of
Efforts
to establish independent Arts Classes were not successful till 1923, when the
proposal was placed before the Legislative Council and funds sanctioned for the
building of the
The
structure, typically Islamic, consists of a main block facing east, with two
wings at right angles to the north and south extremities. A wrought/iron gate,
railings, balconies, domes, and grilles to the windows, serve to emphasize its
Oriental design.
The
College is under the control of the Director of Public Instruction and is
affiliated to the
The
College has well-equipped laboratories, and a library containing over 7000
volumes, including a collection of rare Arabic, Persian, and Urdu manuscripts.
The
College Union conducts a variety of activities, including weekly lectures, a
college magazine and an annual
In
addition, several scholarships are awarded to deserving students, the chief
being the Lytton Scholarship of £170 per annum for study in the
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
A short distance from the College, at No. 21A
The present Madrassah, a massive structure built on
the four sides of a quadrangle, was erected on the 15th July 1824.
It consists of the following :—
The Arabic Department, with about 600 students.
The Anglo-Persian Department, with about 650
students.
The
The Elliot Hostel (facing the Madrassah) with
accommodation for 134 boarders, and
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
A handsome three-storeyed building, the foundation
stone of which was laid by Sir Stanley Jackson, then Governor of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
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Chowringhee
Street---
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson,
South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
The GI
tourist here ponders the purchase of a 'rare gem'---a typical camera study of
life on Chowringhee during the war.
Firpo's famous restaurant is in the background, and dhoti-clad Indians
and a British officer in shorts lend a bit of atmosphere.
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 / Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson,
South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt Library,
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Looking south on Chowringee Road, C024, " Chowringee Road near the tram terminus. Building with clock tower housed Whiteaway and Laidlaw department store. It stocked good, British and Indian made clothing and accessories. Even in, the Hotel Continental lacked most modern conveniences. The Great Eastern Hotel, however, was excellent and its food great! Calcutta." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Movie house, C025, "Looking south down Chowringee Road from tram terminus. Maidan is on right. Calcutta. Note movie ""Red Skeleton and Esther Williams in Bathing Beauty,"" at the Metro." seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Chowringee and tram terminus, C026, Chowringee and tram terminus from Calcutta Statesman editorial seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(source: Glenn S. Hensley: Calcutta, C029, Another negative I found which should go with the Calcutta material you already have from me. seen at University of Chicago Hensley Photo Library at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/hensley as well as a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley and under a Creative Commons license)
(Source: Elaine Pinkerton / Reproduced by courtesy of Elaine Pinkerton)
Back to the point where
we entered
[…] proceeding along, we
come to Hotel Continetal (Cabaret nightly) curving round into
[…] once
more in Chowringhee Road, we step into the Grand Hotel Arcade and passing
Bata's and then Frank Ross & Co. Ltd. (Chemists), reach the main entrance
of the Grand Hotel Ltd., Calcutta's largest hotel, overlooking the Maidan.
The end
of the arcade brings us to
Next we
pass Firpo's Restaurant, the Plaza Cinema and come to
[…]
At the
corner of
Next to
the School of Art is the United Service Club Limited, a building of distinctive
architecture, erected in 1905 by Mackintosh Burn Ltd. […]
The
striking structure of Gothic architecture, extending from Kyd Street to Park
Street along Chowringhee, is Chowringhee Mansion, erected in 1907 by Mackintosh
Burn Ltd. at a cost of Rs. 6,00.000/-. At the southern end of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Next
comes Whiteaway Laidlaw's large and handsome building with an illuminated clock
in the central dome. The top floors,
known as Victoria Chambers, are let out in flats, while the whole of the ground
and first floors are occupied by the firm's departmental store.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Next
comes Whiteaway Laidlaw's large and handsome building with an illuminated clock
in the central dome. The top floors,
known as Victoria Chambers, are let out in flats, while the whole of the ground
and first floors are occupied by the firm's departmental store. By the side
runs Surendra Nath Banerjee Road (formerly Corporation Street) leading to Lower
Circular Road.
A short distance down
Surendra Nath Banerjee Road (right) is the Regal Cinema and separated
from it by a roadway leading to the New Market, is the Administrative
Headquarters of the Calcutta
Corporation, bounded on the east by Hogg Street. On the left we have
[…]
Opposite
the Y.W.C.A., at the corner of Hogg Street and Surendra Nath Banerjee Road,
stands the Hindusthan Building, accommodating the Hindusthan Co-operative
Insurance Society, Ltd. Crossing Rani Rashmoni Road, we have on the left
Goaltoli Lane and higher up the Government Technical School ; on the right is
Ramhurry Mistree Lane and then Collin Street leading across Marquis Street to
Wellesley Street.
We now
cross
Passing
Taltala Avenue, Ram Chandra Das Row, Bhattarcharjee Lane and Sham Churn Sarkar
Lane (left), and Haro Kumar Tagore Square, Doctor Lane, the Wesleyan
Methodist Church (Osmond Memorial) and NewgipukurLane (right): we come to Durga
Charan Doctor Road ; opposite is the Taltala High School. The
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
The
administrative headquarters of the Corporation, generally known as the Central Municipal
Offices, are situated at
The main
feature of the building is the central tower on the south, raised to a height
of 105 feet. Directly under the tower is the official entrance, reached from
Passing through the heavy grilled doors, we
are in the well of the staircase, where is conspicuously exhibited a 75 M. M.
Krupp gun captured in the Boer War, and presented to the Corporation of
Calcutta in 1905 by the Government of India in recognition of services rendered
by India during the War.
Ascending
the wide steps we find ourselves in the spacious lobby, adorned with the busts
of Sir Henry Leland Harrison, Kt,, Chairman of the Corporation, William Mearns Souttar,
Chairman, and Sir Surendra Nath Banerjea, Kt., (1848-1925). Tablets to and
portraits of, Sir Charles Alien, Kt., Chairman of the Corporation, and Dr.
Herbert Milverton Crake, Health Officer of the Corporation ; and portraits of,
John Blessington Roberts, Chairman of the Justice of the Peace, Gopal Lal
Mitter, Vice-Chairman, Sir Kailash Chandra Bose, Kt., Commissioner, Nilambara
Mukerji, Vice-Chairman, Robert Turnbull, Secretary, Rai Bahadur Nalini Nath
Sett, Councillor, Raj Bahadur Debendra Chunder Ghose, Commissioner, and others,
are also displayed in this lobby.
In the
lobby on the south, is the Lady Councillors' Room, and on the east, the Council
Chamber, a beautiful and lofty hall, well worthy of its site and functions. On
the north, upon a raised dais and under an artistically designed canopy, is the
Mayor's chair, elaborately carved and surmounted with the arms of the
Corporation embossed in gold : on the right of the Mayor sits the Deputy Mayor,
on the left the Chief Executive Officer: the Secretaries sit at the table
immediately before the mayorial desk. The Councillors' chairs and desks,
arranged in horse-shoe fashion facing the Mayor's chair, are upholstered in
green moroccan leather, with the arms of the Corporation emblazoned in gold on each.
The Committee Rooms, the offices of the Mayor, the Deputy Mayor, the Chief
Executive Officer and Secretaries, are located in the western wing of the
building; the Councillors' Room and the lift is in the eastern wing.
The
first Corporation of
The last
census figures taken of
The
Health Committee of the Corporation has a special organization for the
destruction of mosquitoes, known as the Mosquito Control Department. This was
inaugurated with the object of carrying out anti-mosquito measures, and a
malaria survey of
The
Corporation maintains :
A number
of vaccination stations in various parts of the city, and employs female
vaccinators to vaccinate purdah ladies.
Four
Maternity Homes with a lady doctor in charge of each.
Eight
Maternity Units adequately staffed by midwives, under the supervision of Lady
Health Visitors, whose services are available free of charge to persons of
small means.
Eighteen
Milk Kitchen Centres, where milk and barley are given free morning and evening
to babies up to two and a half years old.
Nineteen
Charitable Dispensaries, equipped with the most modern facilities and staffed
with competent doctors. Open daily from 8-30 a.m. to 11-30 a.m. and from 4.
p.m. to 5-30 p.m.
Thirty-one
Ward Health Association Treatment Centres, with a Medical Officer attached to
each who looks after the health of his particular ward.
The
Corporation controls seventy-two public parks, squares and gardens, excluding
the
The City
Fathers are awake to the necessity for education, and maintain at great expense
230 free primary Schools, as well as model schools, night schools for carters
and sweepers, and a training school for teachers.
The
Corporation publishes a weekly magazine under the name of "The
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
adjoining
it [the Madan Theatre in
it
conducts a wide variety of activities, including Educational Classes,
it also
runs clubs for ladies of all ages and creeds and has a hostel for business
girls, known as Gallway House, at No. 1, Middleton Row.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Returning
to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Finding
ourselves once more in Chowringhee Road, we step into the Grand Hotel Arcade
and passing Bata's and then Frank Ross & Co. Ltd. (Chemists), reach the
main entrance of the Grand Hotel Ltd., Calcutta's largest hotel, overlooking
the Maidan. The hotel, luxuriously and comfortably equipped, has 500 rooms, a
magnificent ballroom to accommodate 2000 people, a handsome dining room, a palm
court, billiard rooms and Prince's and
Casanova Restaurants. Cabarets, dances and musical turns are constantly
arranged.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Head Office :—25,
Trams :—Kalighat, Ballygunge, Tollygunge.
Buses :-2, 2A, 3, 4, 4A, 5, 5A.
Believing in the principle that
the best way to attack evil is to make the good attractive, and that the best
time to make the effort is before the trouble occurs, the Young Men's Christian
Association has been established to help boys and young men to make a whole-hearted
endeavour towards building character and acquiring mental and physical
alertness. This is accomplished by
bringing together a group or young men in happy and congenial association, as
well as by taking care of their spiritual needs.
The movement was started in 1822,
under the name of the
As early as 1836, a building was
purchased in
Increased membership necessitated
the expansion. of the College Branch in Overtoun Hall, and in 1902 the
Chowringhee Branch was opened at
In the same year the Students'
Hostel and Playground at
Welfare Centres for bustee boys
are conducted at
The Governor of the Province is
the Patron of the Association, which is governed by a President, Vice-President
and a Board of Directors. Each branch
has its own Committee of Management and Secretary.
Membership isnopen to men of all
natyionalities, irrespective of cast and creed. Every branch is provided with a
library and equipped with a reading room, which is open to members daily,
except Sundays. The libraries together contain approximately a total of 30,000
volumes.
Cricket, hockey, football,
volley-ball, tennis and billiards are playedin all branches: boxing,
rink-hockey and skating is also condcted and gymnasium classes are held. There
are five swimming baths, where aquatic sports take place annually.
Religious lectures, study clases,
devitional meetings and pryers are held in all branches, attendance being
voluntary.
The Association controls six
hostels located in different parts odf the city, two of which are conducted in
the European and four in the Indian style of living.
The Central Branch is used for the
meeting of several clubs and Associations, including the Ex-Service
Association, the Bengal Hockey Association, the Indian Football Association,
and the
The Rionaldshay Hut is sectional,
being exclusively for British soldiers stationed in
The Association receives no
financial assistance from outside
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Down
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Admission :—The Museum is open from 10 a. m.
to 5 p. m. daily, except on Thursdays, when it is open from 12 noon to 5 p. m.
Admission is free except on
Fridays, when a charge of four annas is levied. Students with student tickets
are exempted.
About 18,00,000 people visit the
Museum annually.
Trams :—Kalighat, Ballygunge, Tollygunge.
Buses :—2, 2A, 3, 4, 4A, 5.
The
Down the centre of the Gallery are
14 glass table cases exhibiting Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Chalcolithic
objects—plaques, coins, beads, seals, ivory, stone and metal fragments, and
terracotta figures—from Taxila, Bodh Gaya and other parts of India and Burma.
In one of the cases is exhibited an elephant tusk with six tiers of seated
figures of Buddha carved on, found at
Among the larger exhibits is an Assamese
Brass Drum, 4 feet across and 3% feet high; a glass case containing an Egyptian
Mummy, about 2000 B. C.; and a huge stone coffer which contained Buddhist
relics, exhibited on a glass table case nearby. This coffer was excavated from
the stupa at Piprahwa, District Basti, U. P. A beautiful oil painting
illustrating an incident in the life of Buddha, adorns the wall. In the
southern end of the room, known as the Inscription Gallery, are displayed a
wide collection of Sanskrit and Prakrit inscriptions, ranging from the
beginning of the Christian era to the 16th century : one of the most
interesting exhibits here is a large clay cast of a Chinese Nestorian Monument
at Sian-Fu, dated 781 A. D., giving an abstract of the Christian Faith and the
history of the Nestorian Mission, a copy of which is in the Lateran Palace,
Rome.
A staircase at the extreme end
leads to the Coin Room, (admission by permission); this room is lined with
safes and strong cabinets, containing wide collections of Indian coins. The
Emerald Bow-ring and Cup of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jehan, which Nadir Shah
carried away from
Retracing our steps to the
Gandhara Room, we pass into the Gupta Gallery.
Here, in successive bays, are exhibited, in chronological order,
specimens of sculptures produced by different schools of art that flourished in
India and Indonesia from the beginning of the Christian era to about 1200 A. D.
Sculptures of the Mathura School are in bays 1 and 20 ; reliefs from the
Buddhist Stupa at Amaravati, and Gupta sculptures from Siva's temple in Nagod
State, in bays 2 and 19 ; sculptures from Sarnath, in bays 3 and 18 ;
sculptures from Benares and Sutna, in bays 4 and 17, and those of the Magadha
period (750-1200 A.D.) in bays 5 to 8 ; Brahamanic sculptures from Bengal and
Bihar, in bays 13 to 16; Jain images and Buddhistic sculptures from Orissa, in
bays 9 and 12, while images from Java occupy bay 10. Carvings of gods and
goddesses and a fine miniature replica of the Mahabodhi shrine at Bodh Gaya are
displayed down the centre of the gallery.
The farther end of the Gupta
Gallery is known as the Moslem Gallery : here are exhibited a large collection
of Arabic and Persian inscriptions, farmans, sanads; carved architectural curiosities;
and enamelled tiles from Baluchistan, Persia, Lahore and Hyderabad. Of
absorbing interest here is a fine 15th century faience vase, dug up by British
soldiers in
Returning to the vestibule, we
turn left and enter the Geological Section, the first gallery of which is
devoted to vertebrate fossils. There are over 60,000 specimens on view, and
this number is being added to annually. Most or the specimens have been
collected from that rich storehouse of Tertiary vertebrates, the Siwalik beds
along the foothills of the
In the adjoining room are several
cases illustrating aspects of physical and petrographical geology and volcanic
igneous rocks. Here in a glass case on the left is a large piece of flexible
sandstone, one of the wonders of nature; next are cases showing the passage of
coal into coke, para leaves, infiltrations, ingots of aluminium, basalt,
bauxite, white kaolin, quartz crystals, iron and the simulation of organic
forms. Down the centre of the room in
glass cases is a wide collection of aerolites, meteorites and chrondites,
considered to be the largest in Asia and one of the most important in the
world, on account of the number, variety, beauty and rarity of its specimens.
On the right are dendritic markings of beautiful ferns on sandstones, and
higher up, cases of Manganese and Metamorphic rocks; also a model of a barren
volcanic island.
From this room we pass into the
Minerals, Rocks and Economics Section. Here on the left are fine specimens of
beryls, gold washing troughs, sticks, sieves, trays, Indian gold, reef gold,
"wash dirt" and foreign gold; also exhibits of limestone, clay,
slate, sandstone, quartzite, talc schist, copper, gneiss and gneissose granite.
Prominently displayed is a remarkable tin splash and cubes of coloured rock
salt. At the end of the gallery are fine examples of Indian paintings on mica,
and a large crystal of potash alum, while on the right are specimens of white
marble, ornamental stones from Madras, Rajputana, Bombay and Burma, a statue of
Buddha, and a black marble vase inset with coloured marble flowers. Lower down is a very large slab of slate
from Rewari, sample bags of coal from Raniganj, Jheria, and other Indian
coalfields and a case of hornblende asbestos from Singbhum; while further on are
shown asbestos yarn for packing steam pipes, etc., asbestos filtering cloth for
chemicals, and a miniature model of a rig used in the Burma coalfields. In the
centre of the gallery are cases of metals—amalgam, silver, lead, platinum, etc.
Passing out into the verandah, we
inspect fossil tree trunks, blocks of limestone, marble, sandstone and slate,
and turning left enter the Insect Gallery. Here on the left, are arranged
species ofMyriapoda, Crustacea and Arachnida —crop pests, beetles, butterflies,
scorpions, spiders, etc. In the corner of the room is a case showing a model of
a bee and a cattle tick, while on the right are cases of a large variety of
insects—coleoptera, orthoptera, lepidoptera and termites; also cases
exhibiting—enlarged and dissected— the common fly, flea, silk worm, anopheles
mosquito, etc. In the central glass cases are displayed fine specimens of nests
of the White-Ant and the Common Hornet of
From this room we ascend a flight
of wide steps and enter the Ethnographical Section, containing exhibits
illustrating the life and habits of the primitive tribes of
In the next gallery are exhibited
mats, palm leaf fans, string bags, grinding and winnowing machines, oil lamps,
household articles, hookhas, personal ornaments, garments, and a case of
valuable Indian musical instruments presented by Maharaja S. M. Tagore. In the
central cases are fishing traps, nets, quaint musical instruments, arrows,
spears, shields, guns, swords, armour and battleaxes ; and on the right,
dugouts, catamarans, models of sailing boats, brass and iron cannons, shoes,
agricultural implements, and utensils and garments from the Northern and
Southern Shan States. Of particular interest are models of a Burning Ghat in
Again we find our way to the
Insect Gallery; emerging and crossing the verandah, we enter the Invertebrate
Gallery. Here, on the right, are a series of cases illustrating the gradual
development in complexity of animal forms, from the non-cellular Protozoa,
through the Porifera and Coelenterata to the Mollusca. On the opposite side are
cases displaying the anatomy and development of worms. Among the outstanding
exhibits displayed in the centre of the room are fine examples of "
Returning to the vestibule, we
note in the second bay a colossal female statue from Besnagar and three large
Yaksha statues from the ruins of ancient
The verandahs to the left and
right of the landing are lined with statues of gods and goddesses. Proceeding
by the one on the left, we pass a brass tablet to Dr. T. N. Annandale,
Director, Zoological Survey of
Turning to the left we see the
largest dinosaur shoulder blade ever unearthed (found at
The next room reached from the
same verandah contains small animals, Monotremata, Marsupialia, Chiroptera, —
bats, shrews, opossums, moles, duck-billed platypus, wolves and kangaroos; also
specimens of Rodentia: rats, mice, rabbits, porcupines, etc. In the centre is a
glass case with two divisions : in one, the right forelimb of a man is compared
with those of an orang-outang, leopard, pig, rhinoceros, and horse; in the
other, a skeleton of a tiger is compared with that of a dolphin : there is also
a collection of mammals' teeth.
From this room we pass into the
Industrial Section, the nucleus of which was the
Finding ourselves once more in the
verandah, we enter the large Mammal Gallery. Here, on the left, are arranged
mounted specimens of seals, walruses, leopards, tigers, lions, monkeys and a
glass case containing human skeletons. In a case at the farthest end of the
gallery, a skeleton of a man is compared with those of apes and a gorilla. On
the right we see a collection of rhinoceroses, asses, deer, yak, boars and a
new-born elephant. In the centre are elephant, rhinoceros, camel, horse and
gayal skeletons, a dugong, a stuffed giraffe, a realistically mounted albino
tiger, and a case of Cetacea (porpoises and dolphins), including the Gangetic
fresh water porpoise, Platanista
Qangetic. Overhead is a skeleton of the rare smaller Indian Fin-whale.
Emerging from this gallery and proceeding along the
south corridor, we enter the Bird and Reptile Section, the left half of which
is devoted to birds, and the right to amphibians and reptiles. In the bird
section we inspect collections of tropical birds—tits, finches, hornbills, an
illuminated case of cranes in their natural surroundings, cassowaries,
ostriches, kiwi, ducks, swans, ibis, etc. Down the centre show-cases exhibiting specimens of beautiful
To the west of the Reptile Section
is the Fish Gallery. Cases along the walls show primitive chordates, such as
Balanoglossus, Sea-squirts, Amphioxus and Lambrys, also the different species
of fish found in Indian waters—the porcupine, mosquito-destroying, deep sea,
hill stream, aquarium and coral reef fishes. Special attention should be
directed to the giant sea perch and the smallest known Indian fish—Ctenogobius Alcocki. The large central cases
display skates, rays and swodr fishes, while the illuminated glass case near
the door of the
A doorway to the left of this room
gives access to the
From the
A feature of this Gallery is the
large number of beautifully-executed Tibetan mythological and historical
drawings and paintings.
Among such a galaxy of talent, it
is difficult to single out individual exhibits: the following, however, may be
•mentioned:
"Defeat and Death of
Darius", " Jehangir and his Wife Hunting", " Travellers
around a Camp-fire ", " A Nautch Party at the Court of Sultan
Muhammed Taglak", "Old Woman Begging" and "Deer Hunting by
Night".
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
THE
(source: “A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
Admission :—Free.
Open daily from 12 noon to 8 p.m.
On Sundays from 4 p.m. to 8-30
p.m.
Entirely closed on Fridays.
This Museum, accommodated in a striking
building, "The White House", at
The primary aim of this Institution is
to collect and exhibit specimens of the best products of the arts, crafts and
industries of the country and of agricultural products used as raw material,
thus providing a permanent centre where producers and consumers alike can turn
for information, inspiration and guidance.
The Museum functions as a definite and
vital link between production and marketing and bridges the gap that hitherto
existed between the consumer and producer. It serves to bring to the former the
knowledge of products made in the country, as also to enable the latter to know
whether his products are competitive in price, quality and design, and how far
these products could be improved on and made equally attractive, or if possible
superior, to similar goods produced in other countries.
The exhibits are arranged on three
floors. On the ground floor are machinery, steel furniture, leather and rubber
goods : on the first floor, Cottage Industries and models of E. I. Railway
carriages and of P. & 0. and B. I. sail and steam ships. In one case a P.
& 0, 206-ton sailing ship of 1837 is compared with a 23,000-ton modern liner of 1937. On the
second floor are displayed chemicals, perfumery and agricultural products.
To the Museum is attached a reference
library, opened from 12 noon to 7 p.m. and an Enquiry Bureau which is entirely
at the disposal of the public free of charge. The Enquiry Bureau provides
reliable information, answers all correspondence and endeavours to put
potential buyers in touch with manufacturers.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
At the
corner of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Next to the
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
By the
side [of the United Service Club] runs
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
Fear of Japanese raids
had driven ships away from the Hooghli, but the traffic on Chowringhee was
still promiscuous with honking lorries, pattering rickshaws, lumbering bullock
carts, and curious cabs with louvred shutters. Dazed cattle had the right of
way and I was all but lynched for colliding with a cow. Rotting garbage overflowed from tins and besmeared the pavements.
Enormous rats proliferated. The stark skeleton of a holy man with a chain round
his genitals stepped superciliously through the crowd and a dhoti-clad Bengali
held an umbrella over his head when it started to rain. The holy man's
expression struck me as more self-conscious than aloof.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with Harold Acton)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Probably the largest market in the East is the New
Market. Covering several blocks in the
downtown area, the 2,000 stalls offer most anything you could ask for, wartime
shortages excepted. In addition to all
the items appealing to the local and tourist trade, the market contains giant
food departments.
(source: webpage http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
A couple of GI's consider the purchase of trinkets
for the girl friend, harassed by the ever-present plea for "Baksheesh,
Sahib", "You American Rajah", "No food, no money, no
poppa".
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
Brassware and Gurkha knives are two of the most
popular souvenir purchases made by soldiers.
Bargaining is the rule and only the sucker pays the fist price
asked. The New Market is alive with
stalls like this.
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
After a couple of years in India, the bizarre
aspects of street life become commonplace to the average soldier, as evidenced
by the scant notice given the passing snake-wallah by the GI at right
bargaining for a shine from one of he city's hundreds of bootblacks. The New American Kitchen is a popular
Chinese restaurant, owned by a Portuguese, and serves up a steak of chop suey
before you can say "Teek hai".
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
Crowd gathers round a sidewalk performer at bus
stop while GI's take temporary advantage of an overhead view from steps of a
camp bus. This is a good post for
hawkers, beggars, shoe shine boys, showmen to work on the bankroll of the 'rich
American soldier'.
(source: webpage
http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/? Monday, 16-Jun-2003 /
Reproduced by courtesy of David N. Nelson, South Asia Bibliographer, Van Pelt
Library,
The end of the arcade brings us to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
New
Market
The
original and main block of this market, named after Sir Stuart Hogg, Justice of
the Peace, was completed in 1874 at a cost of Rs. 6,55,277/- inclusive of the
land. The extension on the east was completed in 1909, during the Chairmanship
of Sir Charles G. H. Alien, at a total cost of Rs. 11,53,388/-. This spacious
red brick building, with its handsome clock tower, houses a multitude of shops
and is owned by the Corporation of
The
New Market in
The
New Market is situated in the very heart of the city. Entering
Just
before entering the Market by the main entrance under the porch, we note shops
on both sides dealing in carpets, silks, silverware, jewellery, curios, etc.,
leading to the tobacconists on the left and to the florists on the right.
Entering the main corridor and turning left, we pass toilet requisite and
stationery shops, and come to the bookstalls ; passing these and turning right,
we see more toilet requisite and stationery shops, then the china and glassware
shops. The second range from the main corridor, also containing toilet
requisite and stationery shops, brings us to the watchmakers and jewellers, and
turning right we pass more toilet requisite and stationery shops and then the
hardware and aluminium stalls.
Returning
to the main corridor, we note on the right two ranges of shops corresponding to
those on the left. Going through the first, we pass a number of miscellaneous
shops, dealing chiefly in fancy goods, linoleum, oilcloth, toilet requisites
and novelties ; and passing on the left a range of shops dealing in coloured
silks, curios and a wide range of assorted goods, we come to the shoe shops and
florists, and then to dealers in sporting goods. In the second range, known as "
Back
to the main corridor and proceeding along, we note attractively arranged shops
dealing in jewellery, silver and electroplated ware, fancy goods, coloured
silks and fine dress materials ; and passing the Market Office, the Public
Telephone Call Office, and a line of hosiery and haberdashery shops, we reach
the centre of the market. This is octagonal in shape, the supporting pillars
being enclosed in display advertisement cases. Here are weighing machines, a
central glass kiosk and the Market Fire Station. Turning down the corridor on
the left, which leads to
Returning
to the centre of the Market and turning right, we pass shops dealing in
drapery, readymade clothes and bedding, and turning left, we gain the ranges
given over to cheese, butter, ghee, chutnies, condiments, preserves, and
cubicles for light refreshments. A doorway on the left gives access to the Milk
Block, while right at the. end are the bakers.
Finding
our way once more to the centre of the Market, and proceeding along the main
corridor, we pass more hosiery, drapery and haberdashery shops, and reach the
last corridor running east and west. On the west are toys and games, with a
passage on the right leading to the ribbons and laces ; while on the east are
the hatters, with a passage on the left giving access to the Chinese
shoemakers.
Along
the remaining portion of the main corridor we pass cloth merchants, and come to
the range occupied by dealers in dress materials and household linen.
Continuing our way along, we pass a number of shops and stalls of miscellaneous
goods, such as haberdashery, toys, crockery, hosiery, lace, ribbons, etc.,
etc., and enter the block known as the "German Market" ; the western
half of this is devoted to the sale of fresh fruits, with an exit on Bertram
Street, and the eastern half to haberdashery, toys, shoes, hosiery, etc., with
an exit on Hogg Street.
To
the east of the main Market, and separated from it by a passage running north
to south, is a block given over to mutton, suet, dripping and beef. Farther
east and running parallel to it, is a similar block devoted to eggs,
greengrocery and local fruits, such as plantains, papayas, pomelos, pineapples
and the like. The passage to the east of this block is lined with shops dealing
in oilman stores, spices and condiments.
Leaving
this passage by any of the gates
on the east, we gain
At
the north-east corner of the Market, across
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
In its splendid system of municipal markets, also,
Surely there is no such market in the world where.
In an hour'a shopping, one can buy fruits from Persia, "Iraq and
Afghanistan, yes, and from California, Tasmania and Spain, too,—from wherever
fruits are grown; buy textiles from Lancashire and Yorkshire ; footwear from
Northampton; tugs from Bokhara; alumimumware from America; silks and curios
from China and Japan; tobacco from Virginia, Cuba and Egypt; jams and tinned
fruits from Australia and New Zealand, potted delicacies from Europe; hardware
and cutlery, toilet requisites and stationery, ebony and ivorywork, in fact,
almost anything from anywhere.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
NEW MARKET : Probably the largest market in the
East and one where anything under the sun can be purchased, from a baby bear to
a pair of shoe laces. Situated on
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
My first rickshaw ride was from the Red Cross to
the New Market. We had heard about it so were anxious to go there first. […]
I understand there was a disasterous fire at the
New Market some time ago, but that it is now back in full operation. I'm glad,
for
(source: a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley)
[…] the New Market. It seems everything a person
could ever need was available there.
(source: a series of E-Mail interviews with Glenn Hensley between 12th June 2001 and 28th August 2001)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced by permission of Glenn Hensley)
We were now free to buy things that we would want
when we got back to
(source: A1307026 Wartime Memories of a Nurse at BBC WW2 People's War' on http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/ Oct 2006)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
Just
off this street was a large covered market where there were stalls which sold
practically everything — except motor cars and ships — and this place is called
Hogg's Market. This of course is nothing to do with pigs, although some of the
smells reminded Daddy of these animals. After looking round nearly all the
stalls Daddy noticed the prices of the things were a good deal higher than in
Bombay, but the boxes were cheaper, and after looking at quite a number he
bought one, and while he waited an Indian printed on the lid his number, rank,
name and also R.A.F.
(source: Leonard Charles Irvine "A LETTER TO MY SON" at BBC WW2 People's War' on http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/ Oct 2006)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
Just
off this street was a large covered market where there were stalls which sold
practically everything — except motor cars and ships — and this place is called
Hogg's Market. This of course is nothing to do with pigs, although some of the
smells reminded Daddy of these animals. After looking round nearly all the
stalls Daddy noticed the prices of the things were a good deal higher than in
Bombay, but the boxes were cheaper, and after looking at quite a number he
bought one, and while he waited an Indian printed on the lid his number, rank,
name and also R.A.F.
Daddy
was then faced with the problem of getting this big box back to the camp, so he
called a coolie who carried it outside and then went off to find a rickshaw. In
due course back he came with one, and Daddy told the rickshaw puller where to
go and then settled down quietly in his seat with the big box on his knees.
Now, it was almost three miles back to the camp, and as it was dark the heat of
the day had nearly all gone, and it was very pleasant going along slowly and
sometimes fairly quickly when the rickshaw puller had enough breath. It was
also very quiet except for the traffic, because the wheels of the rickshaw had
rubber on them like Gillian's pram wheels. After floating along for about an
hour it was apparent that the puller did'nt know where he was — and still less
where Daddy's camp was — Here was a pretty kettle of fish because there were not
many people about, and it was dark, and quite a strange place to your Daddy,
and moreover he could'nt speak very much Urdu or Hindustani — which are the
languages of the Indians — or, at least most of them. However Daddy knew from
the general direction in which he had come that he could'nt be a long way from
the camp, so off the rickshaw puller went making a circular tour round the
neighbourhood. After about another hour we were fortunate to meet an Indian who
could speak English, and who knew where the camp was, so it was'nt long before
we were back. By this time the poor rickshaw puller was quite tired, and
although it was his fault as he should have, known where to go, Daddy was sorry
for him, so instead of giving him eight annas for the fare Daddy gave him a
rupee — so then we both felt a good deal better — When Daddy had carried the
big box back to his hut he unpacked his kitbag and packs, and put all the
things and the bags in the box, and they just filled it to the top. Whenever
Daddy had to travel about
(source: Leonard Charles Irvine "A LETTER TO MY SON" at BBC WW2 People's War' on http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/ Oct 2006)
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Calcutta Maidan, a wide rolling expanse of
greensward covering about 1400 acres in the very heart of the city, and bounded
on the north by Esplanade and Government House, on the south by Lower Circular
Road and Hastings, on the east by Chowringhee Road and on the west by the river
Hooghly, is rightly considered to be the pride of Calcutta. Aptly described as
the finest "lung" of the city, the Maidan is the chief venue for
games and athletic sports of all descriptions. Some idea of its extent and
importance can be gauged from the fact that it has a Public Works Division of
its own.
Entering the Maidan from
The Auxiliary Force came into existence under an
act of 1920 with the object of assisting in home defence: it consists of all
branches of the service, membership being limited to European British subjects.
Service is purely local and training, which is adjusted to conform with these
conditions, is graduated according to age, the younger members receiving the
more extensive training. The Unit is under the control of the local military
authorities, and in case of emergency may be called out for local service.
On the southern side of
Continuing our way southwards, we note on the the right
the Maidan, gradually rising in undulating levels to the outer redans and
embattlements of
Retracing our steps to the point where we entered
Pursuing our way southward along
Turning left we enter
Deviating into
Pursuing our way along
At the angle formed by Kidderpore and Lower
Circular Roads is the Race Course, said to be the finest in the world, and on
the other side of Kidderpore Road, lies the Ellenborough Course (Polo ground)
bounded on the west by St. George's Gate Road; beyond is Napier Road leading to
Hastings Bridge. At the junction of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
THE
"MAIDAN" : Dotted with trees and statues and flanked on all sides by
public and private buildings, the Maidan (Hindusthani word for a plain or park)
is the center of
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
At the northern end of the Maidan, to the west of
the
In Memoriam
1914 - 1919
Lest We Forget
At 11 A. M. on Armistice Day (November 11th) each
year, the Cenotaph, with its base covered with floral tributes, is the scene of
a most impressive ceremony, when the Governor and his suite, the Military, the
Navy and a large gathering of people of all communities, stand bareheaded in
reverential silence for two minutes which is maintained throughout the British
Empire.
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
THE CENOTAPH : At the northern end of the Maidan,
to the west of the
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
At the southern end of the Maidan, within a hundred
yards of Prinsep Ghat, is the Lascar Memorial, erected by the Shipping and
Mercantile Companies to the memory of the 896 lascars of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
THE LASCAR WAR MEMORIAL : At the southern end of
the Maidan, on the Strand, to the south of
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
Location :—At the southern end of the
Maidan, with the main entrance on Queensway.
Admission to the Grounds : —Open daily
from sunrise to sunset, throughout the year.
Admission to the Memorial :—Except on
Mondays, when the Memorial is entirely closed, and on Tuesdays, when it is open
from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m., the Victoria Memorial is open daily, including Sundays,
from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. (March to October), and from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. (November
to February).
Admission to the Memorial is free with the exception of galleries XII,
XIV, XV, XVI, XVII and XVIII, for which an entrance fee of annas four is
levied.
On Fridays an entrance fee of annas eight is made which admits one to
the whole building.
A charge of annas eight per head is levied for ascending to the Grand
Dome and entering the Echo Chamber and Whispering Gallery.
Trams :—Kalighat, Kiddcrpore.
Buses: —Nos. 2, 2A, 3, 3A, 4, 4A, 5, 12, 12B.
The Victoria Memorial in
Designed by Sir William Emerson (architect), the foundation stone was
laid on the 4th January 1906 by King George V, then Prince of Wales. The
building, of Renaissance architecture with traces of Saracenic influence, was
constructed by Messrs. Martin &. Co. Calcutta, under the supervision of Mr.
V. J. Esch, C. V. O. (architect), at a cost of Rs. 76,00,000, subscribed by the
Peoples and Princes of
The dimensions of the Hall at the corner towers are 339 feet by 228 feet.
The dome of the building, 182 feet above ground level, is surmounted by a
figure of Victory 16 feet high, weighing 3 tons, revolving on a sphere 2 feet
in diameter. The ornamental statuary groups over the entrance, and the figures
surrounding the dome were designed and executed in
The treasures within the Memorial are worthy of their magnificent
repository. The collection and arrangement of the material was entrusted to Sir
William Foster, C.LE., and later the work of revision and completion was supervised
by Sir Evan Cotton, C.I.E. At the express desire of Lord Curzon, the Trustees
have prepared an illustrated catalogue of the exhibits, which is in itself a
work of art and of historical value. This catalogue is on sale to the public
and a copy should be in the hands of every visitor.
Arriving at the Memorial from Queensway, we pause at the
Lion-guarded gate to inspect the striking bronze statue of Lord Curzon by
Pomeroy. The great Proconsul stands bare-headed facing his Sovereign and the
magnificent Memorial he was instrumental in raising to her Imperial memory.
Surrounding his statue at the four corners, are groups of statuary representing
Commerce, Famine Relief, Agriculture and Peace.
Proceeding up the drive, we come to the bronze statue of Queen
The spacious grounds around the building are well laid out with
gorgeous flower beds, wide lawns, sequestered walks and gleaming stretches of
water, while rustic benches beneath shady trees, provide inviting and restful
retreats.
Proceeding, we reach the Memorial, awe-inspiring in its superb
construction, sheer white beauty and sweeping grandeur: ascending the broad
marble steps we pass into the Entrance Hall (I) where we note marble statues of
King George V and Queen Mary; bronze busts of King Edward VII and Queen
Alexandra; a musical Grandfather Clock by Whitehurst of Derby; a wooden model
of the Victoria Memorial; and the original design of the Victoria Memorial by
Sir William Emerson. Passing through the Vestibule to the Royal Gallery (II),
which contains photographs of former Governors-General and a bronze bust of
In the Annexe to the Royal Gallery (IV) are a number of interesting
exhibits, including Queen Victoria's last letter to India, dated 14th December
1900; King Edward VII's signed message, read at the Delhi Coronation Durbar;
two exquisitely Indian embroidered dresses, one worn by Queen Alexandra at
Courts in London and the other worn by Lady Curzon at the Centenary Fancy Dress
Ball held in Government House, Calcutta, in January 1903 ; Queen Victoria's
Proclamation Banner (1877); a gold embroidered footstool used by King George V.
at the Delhi Coronation Durbar in 1911; photographs of Earl and Countess
Canning ; lithographs of Buckingham Palace and Kensington Palace, an engraving
of Windsor Castle; paintings of Queen Victoria's Coronation; the laying of the
foundation stone of the Victoria Memorial Hall; several engravings of Queen
Victoria; a photograph of her Majesty with her Indian Attendant, and 60
engravings, on a screen, depicting the female aristocracy of her Court.
Returning to the Entrance Hall (I), we pass into the Vestibule to the
Portrait Gallery (V), containing a number of engravings of Indian scenes, a
coloured engraving of the Court of Fath Ali Shah of
The Annexe to the Portrait Gallery (VII) contains a number of
paintings and engravings. Of special interest are those of Muhammad Ali, Nawab
of Arcot, Tipu Sultan, Sir William Jones the famous Orientalist, founder and
first President of the Asiatic Society of Bengal; David Hare, founder of the
Hindu College; William Carey, D. D., founder of the Baptist Mission Society;
Brigadier-General John Nicholson of Mutiny fame; Field-Marshal Sir Neville B.
Chamberlain (1820-1902); Brigadier-General Sir Henry Lawrence; Field-Marshal
Earl Roberts; Major-General Sir Henry Havelock, who relieved Lucknow during the
Mutiny; Raja Ram Mohan Roy the great Hindu Reformer; and the Rev. J. Z.
Kiernander, the first missionary of the Church of England in Bengal. In the
centre of the room is a large show case, displaying a unique collection of
ancient armour and weapons of the various States of
Finding ourselves once more in the Entrance Hall (I), we enter Queen's
Hall (VIII). In the centre directly under the dome is a splendid and dignified
statue of Queen
Staircases to the right and left of Queen's Hall lead to galleries XIX
to XXXII, but it would be an advantage for visitors to explore the lower floor
before going upstairs.
From Queen's Hall (VIII) we pass into Prince's Hall (XI), containing
busts of Brigadier-General John Nicholson, Earl Canning, Lord Lawrence,
Major-General Sir Henry Havelock, the Duke of Wellington, Major-General Claude
Martin and the novelist William Makepeace Thackeray. The outstanding feature of
this Hall is the fine marble statue of Lord Clive, a replica of the one outside
the
To the left of the Prince's Hall is the Durbar Hall (XII), with its
handsome wrought-iron gates surmounted by the Royal Coat of Arms. Admission is
by ticket (four annas), which covers entrance to this Hall as well as to the
Galleries Nos. XIV, XV, XVI, XVII and XVIII. These galleries contain exhibits
of historical and world-wide importance and interest and no one should miss
visiting them. The Durbar Hall, one of
the most striking galleries in the building, displays a wide variety of
interesting objects, including a valuable collection of Indian stamps; water
colour sketches by Miss Eden, sister of Lord Auckland; Queen Victoria's Journal in the Highlands, and The Early Years of the Prince Consort;
an autographed letter from the Duke of Wellington; a Bengali letter from Nund
Coomar; Warren Hastings' snuff box; a number of Oriental paintings on screens;
engravings and aquatints of views of Calcutta; show cases of swords formerly
belonging to Lord Roberts, Tipu Sultan, Haidar Ali and others; uniforms worn by
King Edward VII and Lord Curzon; silver trumpets used at the Coronation Durbar
at Delhi, and the stone Throne or Musnad of the Nawabs Nazim of Bengal, hewn
out of a single block, dating from 1641. It is said that the stone occasionally
exhudes a rust coloured liquid due to the presence of iron ore.
Retracing our steps to Prince's Hall (XI), we enter the Vestibule to
Daniell Room (XIV). In this vestibule are various uniforms worn by heralds and
trumpeters at the Coronation Durbars of 1903 and 1911. The Daniell Room (XV) is
adorned with a number of fine paintings of Indian scenes by Thomas Daniell, R.
A., William Daniell, R.A., and John Zoffany, R.A., some of which have been
exhibited at the
Queen Mary's Room (XVI), contains many portraits and views of
absorbing interest, mostly presented by Her Majesty. There are paintings of Sir
Saiyed Ahmed Khan by Poresh Nath Sen; Raja Sir Tanjore Madhava Rao by Raja Ravi
Varma of Travancore; Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere by Malcolm Stewart;
Major-General John Briggs by J. Smart; The Poet Rudyard Kipling by Sir Phillip
Burne-Jones; Sir James Fitzjames Stephen by C. H. Thompson; Lord Macaulay by A.
C. Dyer; Brigadier-General Sir Henry Lawrence by Miss M. Saunders; Rajandra Lal
Mitra by Lai Fong; Major-General Sir Peter Lumsden by D. Ward; Sir Elijah Impey
by Tilly Kettle; Nawab Asaf-ud'Dowlah by Ozias Humphry; Lieutenant-General Sir
Richard Strachey by T. Blake Wirgman; The Old Fort and Holwell's Monument,
Calcutta, by T. Daniell; John Zoffany, R.A., (1733-1810), by himself; The
Daniells in India; The Jummah Musjid, Delhi; Sir Colin Campbell (first Baron
Clyde); Lord Pigot of Patshull; Duke of Wellington; Major-General Sir David
Ochterlony; Major-General Sir Robert Sale; also portraits of Governors-General
of India from Warren Hastings down to Lord Curzon. An exhibit of great
historical interest is the last page of a letter dated 7th July, 1686, bearing
Job Charnock's signature.
Gallery (XVII), contains paintings of Tipu Sultan and his sons,
Mahdaji Sindhia, a collection of arms and armour of various Indian States,
flags of old time regiments, an Austrian machine gun, and other interesting
exhibits. The exhibits in Gallery (XVIII) include engravings of the Preparation
for Suttee, the Battle of Meeanee, and the Festival of the Mohurram, a painting
of Keshub Chandra Sen, an aquatint of the Gate to Akbar's Mausoleum and show
cases containing models of the old East Indiaman Allumghier and of the
battlefield of Plassey (1757) in plaster of Paris, together with a cannon ball
picked up on that field.
Back to Prince's Hall we pass out of the door to the southern
vestibule. At the foot of the staircase to the right are two cannons, one an
old Indian camel gun, the other bearing an inscription in Bengalee to the
effect that it was cast by one Kisore Das Karmakar, blacksmith; the gun
belonged to the Maharaja of Nadia, who played an important part in the
Revolution of 1757. Ascending this staircase we enter the Vestibule leading to
Hastings Room (XIX). Here are exhibited King Thebaw's Silver Carpet, a coloured
oriental painting of the Dasara Procession of His Highness the Rao of Kutch,
and a Panorama of Her Late Majesty Queen Victoria's Coronation Procession
(about 80 feet long). Among the exhibits in Hastings Room (XX) are two busts of
Hastings in glass cases, a number of portraits of Warren Hastings and Mrs.
Hastings, Views of Daylesford House, Hastings' family home, his tomb in
Daylesford churchyard, and an engraving of his trial; an ivory teapoy and
chair, part of the famous suite of Warren Hastings; and a paper booklet
containing Hastings' account of his duel with Philip Francis in 1780 ; several
engravings of Tipu Sultan's last stand at Seringapatam, his death, the
surrender of his sons and a model of the Fort of Seringapatam (No. 1376).
The Print Room (XXI) and the Calcutta Room (XXII) run parallel to
Hastings Room (XX). In the former are mezzotint engravings of Sir William Peel,
Lord Napier of Magdala, Viscount Gough, General John Jacob, several battle
scenes; a portrait of Countess Mornington, the mother of the Duke of Wellington
and the Marquess Wellesley; a lithograph of Sir Charles Napier and several
paintings and portraits of Indian scenes.
The Calcutta Room (XXII) should be of particular interest to residents
of this City. Some of the views represented are Old Court House Street,
Calcutta in 1756, the River Hooghly, Calcutta from the Ochterlony Monument,
Writers Buildings, Chowringhee, the Council House, Proclaiming the transfer of
the administration to the Crown, Barrackpore, and a number of coloured
lithographs of,Old Calcutta by Sir Charles D'Oyly. There are teakwood models of
St. Anne's Church, Old Fort William and the South-East of Old Fort William
showing East Gate Barracks and the Black Hole of Calcutta: the top of the last
named can be removed to show interior details.
The Annexe to the Calcutta Room (XXIII) is on the right and offers
many photographs, engravings and maps of Calcutta, showing the gradual growth
of the city: this is illustrated by views entitled The Old Mission Church, St.
Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Old Court House Street, Corner of Maidan (now the
Curzon Gardens), Site of Sans Souci Theatre (now St. Xavier's College), Clive
Street and Dalhousie Square, Chowringhee, Riverside, Old Bengal Club, Old Fort
William, United Service Club, Shipping on the Hooghly, Howrah Bridge, Old Post
Office, the former Royal Exchange, Roman Catholic Cathedral and the original
Black Hole Monument and its present replica.
Adjoining the Calcutta Room is the
Emerging from Gallery (XXV), we turn left and ascend a short staircase
leading to the circular gallery of Queen's Hall just below the frescoes. The first door on the left leads to the
North-West Balcony (XXVI), where are exhibited an engraving of the Mausoleum of
Haider Ali and several fine views of Simla,
A staircase from these galleries brings us down to Queen's Hall
(VIII); from where we make our way to the southern vestibule to inspect two old
guns, one of which is marked 'H. H. Maxwell, 1865, Cossipore,' and both
inscribed with the motto "Horn Soit Qui Mal y Pense DCCCLXV."
In the grounds on the south is a life-size marble statue of Lord
Curzon by Pomeroy, in the robes of a Grand Master of the Order of the Star of
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with John Barry 1940)
(source:
“A Guide Book to
(COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Reproduced under 'fair dealing' terms as part of a non commercial educational research project. The copyright remains with the original submitter/author)
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